Flora of Tamil Nadu

 Convolvulaceae Stems herbaceous, decumbent and the tips, twining, rooting at the nodes, glabrous. Leaves alternate, rounded-cordate to subreniform, 4-8 cm long, basally cordate, apically rounded, glabrescent. Inflorescences of solitary flowers or in axillary or terminal simple or compound cymes, glabrous or puberulent. Flowers on pedicels 14-24 mm long. Sepals unequal, the outer 5-6 mm long, the inner 10-12 mm long, elliptic to ovate, coriaceous, rounded apically, mucronate, glabrous, verrucose. Corolla lavender to purple, rarely white, 6-8 cm long, funnelform. Fruits tardily dehiscent capsules, subglobose, 10-12 mm long, brown, glabrous; seeds brown to dark brown, 6-7 mm long, minutely gray-pubescent.

Convolvulaceae Shrubs, 1-3 m; axial parts puberulent, later glabrescent; sap milky. Branches terete or angular, stout, becoming sparsely lenticellate with age. Petiole 2.5-15 cm; leaf blade ovate or ovate-oblong, 6-25 X 4-17 cm, densely puberulent or adaxially subglabrous, base cordate or truncate, margin entire, apex acuminate, mucronulate; midvein 2-glandular abaxially at base, lateral veins 7-9 pairs. Inflorescences few to several flowered; peduncle stout, 5-10 cm; bracts early deciduous, ovate. Pedicel 1-1.5 cm. Sepals ovate or nearly circular, broadly rounded, abaxially puberulent, equal or inner ones longer, 5-6 mm. Corolla lilac or pink, darker inside, funnelform, 7-9 cm; tube and midpetaline bands mealy outside. Stamens included; filaments unequal; anthers linear, base sagittate. Pistil included; ovary puberulent. Style base puberulent; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule pale brown, ovoid, 1.5-2 cm, 4-valved, apiculate. Seeds black, ca. 1 cm, brown sericeous-pubescent. 2 n = 30...

Convolvulaceae Description Herbs annual, twining or prostrate, with ± retrorsely or spreading hispid axial parts. Stems 1-2 m. Petiole 1.5-6.5 cm; leaf blade lanceolate-ovate or oblong-ovate, 3-9 X 1.5-3.5 cm, base cordate, margin entire, apex long attenuate, sometimes acute, appressed hispid; lateral veins 6 or 7 pairs. Cymes axillary, sessile or nearly so, usually 1-3-flowered; bracts linear-lanceolate, 3-8 mm, abaxially pilose. Pedicel very short or absent. Sepals ovate, ± equal, 7-9 mm, abaxially densely hirsute, apex linear-acuminate; inner sepals slightly narrower. Corolla pink or purplish, rarely white, campanulate, 7-9 mm, midpetaline bands densely hirsute outside; limb triangular-lobed. Stamens included. Ovary hirsute, 2-loculed, 4-ovuled. Stigma capitate, 2-lobed. Capsule ± globose, 5-6 mm in diam., spreading hirsute, apiculate. Seeds gray-brown, 2.5-4 mm, glabrous, minutely reticulate. 2 n  = 30.

Ipomoea marginata (Desr.) Verdc. Convolvulaceae Description: Herbs perennial, with a stout root and spreading hirsute or glabrous axial parts. Stems twining or prostrate, 1-3 m. Petiole 1-3 cm, sometimes minutely tuberculate; leaf blade often purple or purple spotted, elliptic-ovate or reniform to circular, apical leaves sometimes sagittate or hastate, 2-6 X 2-5 cm, glabrous, ciliolate marginally, base deeply cordate or hastate, margin entire or minutely undulate, apex attenuate or ± abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences few to several flowered; peduncle 2-8 cm, thick, often applanate, verruculose distally; bracts persistent, ovate or oblong, ca. 2 mm. Pedicel 5-6 mm, sparsely verruculose. Sepals ovate or elliptic-oblong, equal or inner 3 longer, 4-7 mm, glabrous, apex obtuse; outer 2 verruculose, margin thinner. Corolla white or purple, with a darker center, ± salverform, 2.5-4 cm; lobes 5, apiculate. Stamens included. Pistil included; ovary glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. ...

Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. Convolvulaceae Description: Herbs perennial, glabrous, with a thick tap root. Stems 5-30 m, prostrate, sometimes twining, rooting at nodes. Petiole 2-10 cm; leaf blade ovate, elliptic, circular, reniform or ± quadrate to oblong, 3.5-9 X 3-10 cm, rather thick, 2-glandular abaxially, base broadly cuneate, truncate, or shallowly cordate, margin entire, apex emarginate or deeply 2-lobed, mucronulate. Inflorescences 1- to several flowered; peduncle stout, 4-14 cm; bracts early deciduous, broadly deltate, 3-3.5 mm. Pedicel 2-2.5 cm. Sepals unequal, ± leathery, glabrous, apex obtuse, mucronulate; outer 2 ovate to elliptic, 5-8 mm, wider; inner 3 nearly circular and concave, 7-11 mm. Corolla purple or reddish purple, with a darker center, funnelform, 4-5 cm. Stamens included. Pistil included; ovary glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule ± globular, 1.1-1.7 cm, glabrous, leathery. Seeds black, trigonous-globose, 7-8 mm, densely brownish tomentose....

Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. Convolvulaceae Description: Herbs annual, twining, with spreading hispid axial parts. Stems 0.5-3 m. Petiole 2-8 cm; leaf blade circular or transversely elliptic in outline, 2-10 X 3-13 cm, palmately deeply divided; segments (3-)5-9, elliptic or oblong, tapered at both ends, densely pubescent, apex mucronate. Inflorescences capitate, few flowered; peduncle 4-11 cm; bracts hirsute; outer involucral bracts oblong to linear-oblong, 2-2.5 cm; inner bracts smaller. Pedicel obsolete. Sepals lanceolate, slightly unequal, 1-1.4 cm, hirsute on both sides. Corolla white, funnelform, 3-4 cm, midpetaline bands sparsely pubescent. Stamens included; filaments glabrous. Pistil included; ovary 2-loculed, glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule ovoid, ca. 7 mm, 4-valved. Seeds ellipsoid, ca. 4 mm, gray tomentellous. 2 n  = 28, 30.

Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker Gawl. Convolvulaceae Description Herbs twining; axial parts glabrous, spreading pubescent, or almost woolly. Stems thinly angular, 1-2 m. Petiole 1.5-3.5 cm; leaf blade cordate-circular or ovate, occasionally reniform, 2-8 X 1.6-8 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose, base cordate, margin entire or minutely undulate, apex attenuate, acute. Inflorescences 1-3-flowered; peduncle almost filiform, 1.4-4 cm; bracts subulate, ca. 1.5 mm. Pedicel 0.8-2 cm, subglabrous, thickened and recurved in fruit distally. Sepals reflexed in fruit, elliptic-ovate, subequal, 4-5 mm, glabrous or ± pubescent, mucronulate, outer ones whitish margined. Corolla white or pale yellow, with darker midpetaline bands and a purple center, funnelform, 2-2.5 cm. Stamens included; filaments very unequal. Pistil included; ovary glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule conical-ovoid or ± globose, 6-8 mm in diam., apiculate. Seeds black-brown, 4-5 mm, densely gray-brown tomentellous. 2 n ...

Ipomoea hederifolia L. Convolvulaceae Description: Slender twining herbs. Leaves 4-8 x 3.5-7 cm, ovate to suborbicular, entire or 3-5-angled, cordate at base, acute to shortly acuminate at apex, glabrous; petiole to 6 cm long. Cymes few-flowered, axillary; peduncles 5-8 cm long; pedicels 0.7 - 1 cm long. Calyx lobes 5, 2-4 mm long, oblong or elliptic. Corolla deep red, salver-form, tube to 3.5 cm long, limb 1.5-2.5 cm across, subentire. Ovary 2-3 mm long, conical, 4-celled; ovule 1 in each cell. Capsule 5-6 mm across, subglobose. Seeds 4, c. 3 mm long, pyriform, black.

Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. Convolvulaceae Description: Herbs annual, terrestrial and repent or floating; axial parts glabrous. Stems terete, thick, hollow, rooting at nodes. Petiole 3-14 cm, glabrous; leaf blade variable, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, oblong, or lanceolate, 3.5-17 X 0.9-8.5 cm, glabrous or rarely pilose, base cordate, sagittate or hastate, occasionally truncate, margin entire or undulate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescences 1-3(-5)-flowered; peduncle 1.5-9 cm, base pubescent; bracts squamiform, 1.5-2 mm. Pedicel 1.5-5 cm. Sepals subequal, glabrous; outer 2 ovate-oblong, 7-8 mm, margin whitish, thin, apex obtuse, mucronulate; inner 3 ovate-elliptic, ca. 8 mm. Corolla white, pink, or lilac, with a darker center, funnelform, 3.5-5 cm, glabrous. Stamens unequal, included. Pistil included; ovary conical, glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule ovoid to globose, ca. 1 cm in diam., woody, tardily dehiscent or ?indehiscent. Seeds densely grayish pubescent, sometim...

Ipomoea alba L. Convolvulaceae Description: Herbs annual or perennial, twining, usually glabrous, rarely puberulent. Stems to 10 m, terete, smooth or with soft prickles, sap milky. Petiole 5-20 cm; leaf blade ovate to ± circular in outline, 10-20 X 5-16 cm, base cordate, margin entire, angular to 3-lobed, apex acuminate, mucronulate. Inflorescences helicoid cymes, rarely dichasial, 1- to several flowered; peduncle stout, terete, 1-24 cm; bracts early deciduous, small. Pedicel 7-15 cm, clavate distally, enlarged in fruit. Flowers nocturnal, fragrant. Sepals elliptic to ovate, ± leathery, glabrous; outer 3 sepals 5-12 mm, apex with a stout spreading awn 4-9 mm; inner 2 sepals 7-15 mm, mucronate. Corolla white, with greenish bands, salverform; tube 7-12 cm, ca. 5 mm in diam.; limb 7-12 cm in diam., shallowly 5-undulate. Stamens exserted; filaments inserted in apical 1/2 of corolla tube, glabrous; anthers sagittate basally. Pistil exserted; ovary narrowly conical, glabrous. Stig...

Ipomoea dichroa Choisy Convolvulaceae Description: Hirsute climbers. Leaves usually 3-lobed, midlobe 3 x 2.5 cm, ovate, apiculate, base cordate, sparsely strigose above, white tomentose beneath; petiole to 2 cm. Cymes axillary; peduncles to 5 cm; bracts 1 cm, lanceolate, decurrent, hirsute; pedicels to 8 mm, hirsute; calyx lobes free, 10 x 2 mm, linear, lanceolate, hirsute; corolla 1.8 cm, funnel shaped, pink; stamens included, unequal, to 1 cm; anthers cordate at base; ovary 1 mm, semi-circular, style 9 mm, stigmas 2, capitate.

Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet Convolvulaceae Description: Herbs perennial, twining, with a tuberous root; axial parts ?glabrous. Stems to 5 m, thinly angular, ± tuberculate or smooth. Petiole 2-8 cm, base with leafy pseudostipules; leaf blade palmately 5-parted to base; lobes entire or minutely undulate, apex acute or obtuse, mucronulate, basal pair usually again lobed or parted; middle lobe larger, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or elliptic, (2.5-)4-5 X (0.5-)2-2.5 cm. Inflorescences 1- or several flowered; peduncle 2-8 cm; bracts and bracteoles early deciduous, squamiform, small. Pedicel 0.5-2 cm, sometimes verruculose. Sepals unequal; outer 2 sepals 4-6.5 mm; inner ones 5-9 mm, glabrous, abaxially ± verruculose, margin paler, scarious. Corolla pink, purple, or reddish purple, with a darker center, rarely white, funnelform, (2.5-)5-7 cm. Stamens included, unequal. Ovary glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule ± globose, ca. 1 cm. Seeds black, ca. 5 mm, densely tomentose, margin with longe...

Ipomoea indica (Burm.) Merr. Convolvulaceae Description: Herbs twining or sometimes prostrate, with ± densely retrorse pilose axial parts. Stems 3-6 m, sometimes rooting at nodes. Petiole 2-18 cm; leaf blade ovate or circular, 5-15 X 3.5-14 cm, abaxially densely short, soft, pubescent, adaxially ± sparsely pubescent, base cordate, margin entire or ± 3-lobed, apex acuminate or abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences dense umbellate cymes, several flowered; peduncle 4-20 cm; bracts linear, sometimes lanceolate. Pedicel 2-5(-8) mm. Sepals subequal, 1.4-2.2 cm, gradually linear-acuminate apically, glabrous to appressed pilose; outer 3 lanceolate to broadly lanceolate; inner 2 narrowly lanceolate. Corolla bright blue or bluish purple, aging reddish purple or red, with a paler center, funnelform, 5-8 cm, glabrous. Stamens included. Pistil included; ovary glabrous. Stigma 3-lobed. Capsule ± globose, 1-1.3 cm in diam. Seeds ca. 5 mm. 2 n  = 30*.

Ipomoea parasitica (Kunth) G. Don Convolvulaceae Description: Annual vines; stem twining, woody at base, herbaceous towards tip, usually muricate, glabrous, terete, hollow. Leaves alternate, simple, 4-22 x 3-20 cm, ovate to deltoid, apically acuminate, mucronulate, basally cordate (rarely truncate), glabrous below, sparsely pilose above; midrib and lateral nerves raised beneath; petiole up to 30 cm long, puberulous. Flowers in axillary, few to several (up to 30) flowered cymes; peduncle up to 25 cm long, pubescent, terete; bracts small, linear-lanceolate, 1-1.5 x 1 mm; pedicels short, 2-2.5 cm long, pubescent, slightly dilated above. Sepals 5, more or less same size, outer 2 elliptic, 4-5 x 3 mm, apiculate, pilose outside, glabrous inside, scarious, inner 3 elliptic-oblong to widely ovate, 5x 3-3.5 mm, apiculate, pilose only on outerside of midrib, glabrous inside, scarious. Corolla purple, throat whitish, campanulate, tube up to 4 cm long, white, mouth up to 3.5 cm acros...

Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth Convolvulaceae Description: Hirsute annual twiners. Leaves 3-lobed, rarely entire, 5-12 x 4.5-11 cm, ovate to suborbicular, base cordate, apex acute to acuminate, pubescent; petiole up to 7 cm long. Flowers solitary or in cymes; peduncle up to 5 cm long; pedicel to 1 cm long. Sepals 5, subequal, 1.5-2.2 x 0.2-0.4 cm, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, densely long-hirsute without. Corolla blue, throat white, 3-5 cm long, 4-5 cm across, funnel-form. Filaments to 2.5 cm long. Capsule 8-12 mm long, subglobose, surrounded by the sepals.